block

来自PIE *bhel, 膨胀，鼓起。词源同balk, 大块，障碍。

block

block: [14] English borrowed block from Old French bloc, but its ultimate origin appears to be Germanic; French acquired it from Middle Dutch blok ‘tree trunk’. The derived verb block ‘impede’ first crops up in the early 15th century, but was not established until the later 16th century; it originally meant ‘put blocks [of wood] or obstacles in the way of’. Blockade was coined in the 17th century, perhaps on the model of ambuscade, a contemporary synonym of ambush.
=> blockade

block (n.)

"solid piece," c. 1300, from Old French bloc "log, block" of wood (13c.), via Middle Dutch bloc "trunk of a tree" or Old High German bloh, from a common Germanic source, from PIE *bhlugo-, from *bhelg- "a thick plank, beam" (see balk).

Meaning "mould for a hat" is from 1570s. Slang sense of "head" is from 1630s. Extended sense of "obstruction" is first recorded 1640s. In cricket from 1825; in U.S. football from 1912. The meaning in city block is 1796, from the notion of a "compact mass" of buildings; slang meaning "fashionable promenade" is 1869.

BLOCK. A term applied in America to a square mass of houses included between four streets. It is a very useful one. [Bartlett]

block (v.)

"obstruct," 1590s, from French bloquer "to block, stop up," from Old French bloc (see block (n.)). Meaning "to make smooth or to give shape on a block" is from 1620s. Stage and theater sense is from 1961. Sense in cricket is from 1772; in U.S. football from 1889. Related: Blocked; blocking.

1. A block up the street I found a parking lot.

沿着街道往北过了一个街区，我找到了一个停车场。

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2. It started a fire in a block of flats.

大火是从一幢公寓大楼烧起的。

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3. Someone had hollowed out a large block of stone.

有人把一大块石头给凿空了。

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4. I finally hoisted him up with a block and tackle.

我最终用滑轮组把他拉了上去。

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5. The trade union block vote is an excrescence on democracy.

工会集团投票制是民主的毒瘤。

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