anthem

来自希腊词antiphona传入古英语的变体。前缀anti-, 相对。词根phone, 声音，歌。指对歌，神圣的音乐。后在英语里特指国歌。

anthem

anthem: [OE] Anthem is ultimately an alteration of antiphon ‘scriptural verse said or sung as a response’ (which was independently reborrowed into English from ecclesiastical Latin in the 15th century). It comes from Greek antíphōnos ‘responsive’, a compound formed from anti- ‘against’ and phōné ‘sound’ (source of English phonetic, telephone, etc).

By the time it had become established in Old English, antiphon had already developed to antefn, and gradually the /v/ sound of the f became assimilated to the following n, producing antemne and eventually antem. The spelling with th begins to appear in the 15th century, perhaps influenced by Old French anthaine; it gradually altered the pronunciation.

The meaning ‘antiphon’ died out in the 18th century, having been succeeded by ‘piece of choral church music’ and more generally ‘song of praise’. The specific application to a ‘national song’ began in the 19th century.
=> antiphon, phonetic, telephone

anthem (n.)

Old English ontemn, antefn, "a composition (in prose or verse) sung antiphonally," from Late Latin antefana, from Greek antiphona "verse response" (see antiphon). Sense evolved to "a composition set to sacred music" (late 14c.), then "song of praise or gladness" (1590s). Used in reference to the English national song (technically, as OED points out, a hymn) and extended to those of other nations. Modern spelling is from late 16c., perhaps an attempt to make the word look more Greek.

1. At his bidding, the delegates rose and sang the national anthem.

按照他的要求，代表们起立唱国歌。

来自柯林斯例句

2. During the playing of the national anthem the crowd roared and whistled.

在播放国歌的时候，人们喊叫着，吹着口哨。

来自柯林斯例句

3. And then the orchestra struck up the National Anthem.

然后管弦乐队奏起了国歌。

来自柯林斯例句

4. They were to fire a salvo of blanks, after the national anthem.

奏完国歌后，他们将同时发射空弹。

来自柯林斯例句

5. The European anthem was played at the opening and closing ceremonies.

欧洲颂歌在开幕式和闭幕式上演奏。

来自《权威词典》