一、语法要点
现在完成时:have/has + 过去分词。表示过去发生但对现在有影响或持续到现在的动作。比如:I have already finished my homework.(我已经完成作业了。)标志词有already, yet, ever, never, since, for。
过去进行时:was/were + 动词ing。表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在进行的动作。比如:He was watching TV at 8 last night.(昨晚八点他正在看电视。)常与at that time, this time yesterday等连用。
宾语从句:引导词that, if/whether, 特殊疑问词。从句要用陈述语序。比如:I think (that) he is right.(我认为他是对的。)Could you tell me where the library is?(你能告诉我图书馆在哪儿吗?)注意主句过去时,从句相应调整时态。
被动语态:be + 过去分词。强调动作承受者。比如:English is spoken by many people.(英语被很多人说。)记住各种时态的被动形式,一般现在时am/is/are done,一般过去时was/were done,现在完成时have/has been done。
动词不定式:to + 动词原形。可作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。比如:To learn English well is important.(学好英语很重要。)I want to buy a new bike.(我想买辆新自行车。)还有疑问词+不定式结构,比如how to do it。
二、重点句型
It takes *. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间。比如:It took me two hours to finish the work.(完成这工作花了我两小时。)
too…to… 太……而不能……。比如:He is too young to go to school.(他太小还不能上学。)
so…that… 如此……以至于……。比如:She was so tired that she fell asleep quickly.(她太累了以至于很快睡着了。)
not only…but also… 不但……而且……。连接两个并列成分。比如:He not only sings well but also dances beautifully.(他不但唱得好,舞也跳得美。)
The more…, the more… 越……越……。比如:The more you read, the more you know.(你读得越多,就知道得越多。)
三、话题与词汇
健康生活:illness, headache, fever, medicine, exercise, balanced diet。常用句子:You should drink more water.(你应该多喝水。)You’d better not stay up late.(你最好不要熬夜。)
人际交往:argue, advice, communicate, misunderstanding, get along with。比如:Could you give me some advice?(你能给我一些建议吗?)We should learn to listen to others.(我们应该学会倾听他人。)
社会服务:volunteer, clean up, cheer up, homeless, kindness。常用表达:I’d like to help people in need.(我想帮助需要帮助的人。)We can hand out food at the food bank.(我们可以在食物银行分发食物。)
科技通讯:robot, invention, mobile phone, search information, online。比如:Robots can do many jobs instead of humans.(机器人可以代替人类做许多工作。)We use the Internet to study and relax.(我们用互联网学习和放松。)
旅行交通:sightseeing, tourist, flight, pollution, environment。句子:I have been to Beijing twice.(我去过北京两次。)We should protect the environment when traveling.(旅行时我们应该保护环境。)
四、易错点提醒
since和for区别:since后接过去时间点,for后接时间段。比如:I have lived here since 2020.(自2020年起我住在这儿。)I have lived here for three years.(我住在这儿三年了。)
have been to和have gone to区别:have been to表示去过已回,have gone to表示去了未回。比如:She has been to Shanghai.(她去过上海。)She has gone to Shanghai.(她去上海了。)
borrow, lend, keep区别:borrow借入,lend借出,都是短暂动作;keep借一段时间,可延续。比如:Can I borrow your pen?(我能借你的钢笔吗?)He lent me his bike.(他把自行车借给我了。)You can keep the book for two weeks.(这本书你可以借两周。)
英语表达要避免中式思维。比如“开门”是answer the door不是open the door,“吃药”是take medicine不是eat medicine,“价格贵”是The price is high.不是The price is expensive.
五、专题强化
完形填空:先通读全文抓大意,再根据上下文、固定搭配、语法规则选词。注意联系前后句逻辑。
阅读理解:快速浏览找主旨,细节题回原文定位。推断题别想要根据文章信息判断。
书面表达:审清题目要求,列好提纲分段写。开头结尾点明主题,中间用连接词使文章连贯。检查语法和拼写错误,保证字数达标。常用连接词有first, then, next, finally, what’s more, in a word。
听力训练:听前预测,抓关键词。注意数字、时间、地点等信息。听不懂的别纠结,继续听下面的内容。